Special Report

Ecuador at the Crossroads of Transnational Crime: Violence, Criminal Reconfiguration, and Regional Challenges – PART II

For decades, Ecuador was perceived as an exception in a region plagued by drug trafficking, armed violence, and criminal capture of the state. While neighboring countries faced open wars between cartels and state forces, Ecuador seemed to remain on the sidelines of these dynamics. That image began to slowly crack and finally collapsed in January 2024, when President Daniel Noboa declared an internal armed conflict and designated 22 criminal organizations as terrorist groups.

The measure exposed a reality that had been brewing for years, with a dramatic increase in homicides, armed gangs vying for territorial control, prisons turned into criminal syndicates’ operational hubs, and overwhelmed institutions. Ecuador was no longer a peripheral player in regional drug trafficking, but a strategic hub in transnational criminal networks.

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Academia

Nothing Happens Until Something Moves: Designing a Multinational Movement and Transportation Manual to Enable Military Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief
Nothing Happens Until Something Moves: Designing a Multinational Movement and Transportation Manual to Enable Military Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief

Hurricanes devastate Caribbean islands, earthquakes destroy infrastructure across multiple countries, and volcanoes spew lava, isolating mountain towns from the rest of the country. These disasters often exceed a nation’s capacity to rescue and care for its affected citizens. When that happens, nations typically turn to national and international civilian organizations, such as the United Nations. However, when those organizations cannot respond in time or with sufficient resources, neighboring militaries often become the responders of last resort, leveraging their expertise and capabilities to act quickly. Such responses require the rapid and effective movement of personnel and materiel from their home nations [ … ]

Countering OBOR: Partners Gain Momentum with Strategic Response to China’s One Belt, One Road Scheme
Countering OBOR: Partners Gain Momentum with Strategic Response to China’s One Belt, One Road Scheme

This article was originally published on the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command’s Magazine Forum, on February 2, 2026. Beijing has denied since launching One Belt, One Road (OBOR) in 2013 that the infrastructure scheme is a tool for expanding geopolitical influence. Instead, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) claims that OBOR is a global development platform aimed at inclusive, multilateral cooperation and common development toward a shared future.  Realistically, OBOR poses a multifaceted strategic threat to the United States and its allies and partners by expanding Beijing’s influence through infrastructure investments in over 150 countries. Moreover, the program threatens the sovereignty of scores [ … ]

Sanctions, Seizures, Surveillance Combat Synthetic Drug Trade in Indo-Pacific
Sanctions, Seizures, Surveillance Combat Synthetic Drug Trade in Indo-Pacific

This article was originally published on FORUM, the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command magazine, on March 12, 2026. The synthetic drug trade, spearheaded by fentanyl and methamphetamine, has metastasized from a criminal enterprise into a complex geopolitical phenomenon, demanding an expansive, multidimensional international response. This global crisis hinges on the ready supply of precursor chemicals — primarily from China — driving two distinct but connected epidemics across the Indo-Pacific. It is defined by trafficking, mislabeling, the use of front companies, and exploitation of legal ambiguities and variance between nations and fragile state institutions. Synthetic opioids, primarily fentanyl, account for tens of thousands [ … ]

‘A Simple Approach’: Analysts Say Regional Cooperation Is Crucial in Illegal Fishing Battle
‘A Simple Approach’: Analysts Say Regional Cooperation Is Crucial in Illegal Fishing Battle

This article was originally published on the U.S. Africa Command’s Magazine ADF, on November 6, 2025. Africa loses an estimated $11.2 billion in annual revenue to illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. The challenge is particularly acute in West Africa, which loses up to $9.4 billion to the scourge. Illegal fishing by foreign industrial and semi-industrial trawlers, particularly from China, has driven food insecurity and threatened the jobs of more than 10 million men and women who work in Africa’s artisanal fisheries. Security professionals recognize the threat. Col. Roland T. Bai Murphy, commander of the 23rd Infantry Brigade of the [ … ]

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General Javier Eduardo Iturriaga del Campo, commander of the Chilean Army
“One of our mission areas is to contribute to international cooperation and our country’s foreign policy, and within that framework the Army maintains a broad agenda of knowledge and cooperation at the regional and international level with partner nations. The Chilean Armed Forces are currently participating in several peacekeeping missions, specifically in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cyprus, Colombia, and the Middle East, and in this area, they also participate in exercises such as U.S. Southern Command’s Southern Vanguard.”
General Javier Eduardo Iturriaga del Campo, commander of the Chilean Army
Colonel (ret.) Gladys Pecci, Paraguayan Vice Minister of National Defense
“Only 5.6 percent of the total [Paraguayan] Armed Forces’ personnel are women, and we want to increase this number. The Ministry of Defense and the Armed Forces are being very receptive to breaking established structural paradigms, which allow women to fill certain roles, because we believe that democracy is enhanced when there is inclusion of women in the defense field.”
Colonel (ret.) Gladys Pecci, Paraguayan Vice Minister of National Defense
Major General William L. Thigpen, U.S. Army South commanding general
The collaboration and partnership that comes with an exercise like this [Southern Vanguard 22] is extremely important to us. It builds interoperability. It also allows us to understand each other’s capabilities. But most importantly, it builds camaraderie down to the tactical level, as well as readiness for both countries, and partnership.”
Major General William L. Thigpen, U.S. Army South commanding general